... CRRC reported roughly RMB 65 billion in overseas new orders in 2025, up 37% year-on-year. The industrial story here can be easily glazed over as, once again, “Made in China overcapacity.” Or “China is unfair competition with faster, cheaper SOE exports.”
But; China has reached the point where it can export and scale every physical and digital stack needed to create a railway—from a freight bogie or metro car to a 350 km/h train, signaling architecture, Train Standards, and an entire operating railway architecture overseas.
I believe this has implications for how China’s planning its hardware infrastructure, humanoids, robotics and biotech 出海 roll-out in the next 5-10 years: Total ownership of the full vertical stack, “open sourced”, investing in the material base, yet flexible and adaptable to the region.
Here is a running list of Chinese made trains I pulled...
